<p>CS11001 Programming and Data Structures, Autumn 2010Class Test 2Maximum marks: 30 November 09, 2010 Total time: 1 hourRoll no: Name: Section:</p><p>Write your answers in the question paper itself. Be brief and precise. Answer all questions.</p><p>1. A paragraph is stored in a two-dimensional array of characters. Each line of the paragraph is stored in a rowof the array as a null-terminated string. An empty line indicates the end of the paragraph.(a) Complete the following function that, given a paragraph stored in the format mentioned above, printsthe paragraph line by line, and stops when the terminating empty line is encountered. (4)void prnPara ( char para[][MAXLEN]){int i; /*Do not use any other variable*//*Print each line as a stringuntil a blank line is found*/for (i=0; strlen( ); ++i) printf(' n', );}(b) Complete the following function that right justies a paragraphwith respect to a target lengthTasfollows. For each line in the paragraph, its lengthl is computed. Ifl >T, then right justication fails. IflT, you shift the line by Tl positions to the right, so that the line now ends at exactly the index T1(excluding the terminating null character). The rst T l positions are then lled with spaces. The rightjustication loop terminates whenever an empty line is found (indicating the end of the paragraph). (12)void rightJustify( char para[][MAXLEN],int T ){int i, j, len; /*Do not use any other variable*//*Repeat so long as an emptyline is not found*/for (i=0; strcmp( , ); ++i) {/*Computein len the length of the i-th line*/len = ;if (len > T) {printf('Line%d is too wide to fit in %d charactersn',i, T);/*Skip the rest of the current iteration*/}/*Writea loop to shiftcharactersby Tlen positionsto the right*//*Writea loop to fill the first Tlen charactersby spaces*//*Terminatethe i-th line by the NULL character*/para[i][ ] = ;}}Page 1 of 22. Assume that you are given a linked list with an even number of nodes (excluding the dummy node at thebeginning). Your task is to write a function in order to locate the middle of the list, and to subsequentlyinsert two new elements in that middle position. For the sake of ease of programming, you may assume thata dummy node is maintained at the beginning of a linked list. Here is an example of a linked list with sixelements43, 71, 82, 9, 37, 64. After inserting two new elements91 and5 at the middle, the list changes to43, 71, 82, 91, 5, 9, 37, 64.37 64 9 82 71 4343 71 82 91 5 9 37 64(b) After insertion of two elements at the middle(a) A linked listheadheadIn order to locate the middle of the list, we use two pointersp and q. They are initialized to point to the rstnode of the list (the dummy node). Subsequently, in a loop,p advances down the list by two cells, whereasq advances down the list by one cell. When p reaches the end of the list, the pointerq is ready for insertionat the middle. Do not allocate two cells together in a single memory allocation call, since if you do so, youcannot free a cell individually. (14)typedef struct_node {int data;} node;void insertMid(node*head, int n1, int n2 ){node*p,*q; /*Do not use any other variable*/p = q = head;/*While the middleof the linked list is not located*/while ( != NULL ) {p = ; /*p advancesby two cells*/q = ; /*q advancesby one cell*/}/*Here, q points to the node after which insertionwill be made*//*Allocate memoryto the first new node*/p = ;/*Allocate memoryto the second new node*//*Set the data fields*/p -> data = ; = n2;/*Establish link from the second node created*//*Establish link from the list to includethe new nodes*/}Page 2 of 2</p>
Institute of Actuaries of India
Subject ST5 – Finance Finance and Investment A For 2013 Examinations Examinations
Aim The aim of this Finance and Investment Technical subject is to instill in successful candidates the ability to apply, in simple situations, the principles of actuarial planning and control to the appraisal of investments, and to the selection and management of investments appropriate to the needs of investors.
Links to other subjects This subject draws on the issues introduced in Subjects CT2 – Finance and Financial Reporting, CT7 – Business Economics and CT8 – Financial Economics. Subject CA1 – Actuarial Risk Management: covers the general underlying principles affecting all specialisms. Subjects SA5 – Finance Specialist Applications and SA6 – Investment Specialist Applications: use the principles in this subject to solve complex problems, to produce coherent advice and recommendations within a specifically United Kingdom context.
Objectives On completion of this subject the candidate will be able to: (a)
State what is meant by a risk-free rate of return, and describe assets that may be assumed to be risk-free in practical work.
(b)
Describe the typical ways in which investment returns are taxed and the effect of the taxation basis on investor behaviour.
(c)
Demonstrate knowledge of the influences over the commercial and economic environment from: • • •
central banks main investor classes government policy
(d)
Demonstrate a knowledge of the principles of fundamental analysis of equities and bonds.
(e)
Apply appropriate methods for the valuation of individual investments and demonstrate an understanding of their appropriateness in different situations. • • • • • •
(f)
fixed income analytics and valuation (including interest rate swaps and futures) arbitrage pricing and the concept of hedging empirical characteristics of asset prices introduction into fixed income option pricing evaluating a securitisation (including CBO’s and MBS’s) evaluation of a credit derivative
Describe methods by which an institution can monitor and control its exposure to the following types of risk: • •
asset / liability mismatching risk market risk Page 2 of 5
• • • •
credit risk (including counterparty risk) operational risk liquidity risk relative performance risk
and explain in the context of mean-variance portfolio theory what is meant by: • • • •
(g)
(i)
Describe the principles and aims of market conduct regulatory regimes.
(ii)
Demonstrate a knowledge of the principles underlying the legislative and regulatory framework for investment management and the securities industry.
(iii)
Demonstrate how these principles can be applied in the areas of:
• • • • • • • • • • • •
(h)
opportunity set efficient frontier indifference curves the optimum portfolio
trust law corporate governance role of the listings authority environmental and ethical issues competition and fair trading controls monopolies regulators investment restrictions in investment agreements provision of financial services institutional investment practices EU legislation role and responsibilities of directors development of international accounting standards
Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the theory of finance. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(i)
Discuss the relationship between financial management and acting as an entrepreneur. Outline the possible motives for mergers and divestitures. Discuss the key findings in behavioural finance. Outline the main steps involved in financial planning.
Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of specialist financial instruments: • • • • • • • • •
financial instruments available for short-term lending and borrowing corporate debt and credit derivatives swaps and swaptions private debt asset-backed securities, securitisation venture capital hedge funds currency infrastructure Page 3 of 5
commodities structured products new ways of investing in old asset classes
• • •
(j)
Describe the main types of derivative contract, how they are traded, and define their payoffs.
(k)
Show how actuarial techniques may be used to develop an appropriate investment strategy. asset pricing models asset / liability modelling asset / liability mismatch reserving credit rating an entity liability hedging co-integration dynamic liability benchmarks
• • • • • • •
(l)
Analyse the performance of an investment and discuss the limitations of such measurement techniques. • • • • •
(m)
(n)
portfolio risk and return analysis equity price net present value net asset value return on capital
Describe the construction of investment indices and the principal features of major investment indices. (i)
Discuss the uses of investment indices.
(ii)
Describe the principal indices in the United Kingdom, United States, Japanese, German and French stock markets.
(iii)
Explain the problems encountered in constructing property indices.
Analyse the performance of an investment portfolio and discuss the limitations of such portfolio measurement. (i)
Assess the performance of a portfolio relative to a published market index.
(ii)
Assess the performance of a portfolio relative to a predetermined benchmark portfolio.
(iii)
Analyse the performance of a portfolio into components relating to investment sector selection and individual stock selection.
(iv)
Discuss the relative merits of assessing portfolio performance relative to published indices, other portfolios or a predetermined benchmark portfolio.
(v)
Discuss the uses of risk adjusted performance measures.
(vi)
Discuss the value of portfolio performance measurement and its limitations. Page 4 of 5
(o)
Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the principal techniques in portfolio management including risk control techniques. (i)
Describe and discuss the principal active management “styles” (value, growth, momentum, rotational).
(ii)
Discuss the principal equity portfolio management techniques.
(iii)
Discuss the principal bond portfolio management techniques.
(iv)
Discuss the uses which an institutional investor might make of financial futures and options, including over the counter contracts.
(v)
Discuss the uses which an institutional investor might make of interest rate and currency and inflation swaps.
(vi)
Discuss the uses which an institutional investor might make of forward foreign exchange contracts for currency hedging.
(vii)
Discuss the usefulness of multifactor models in practical investment management and risk control.
(viii)
Discuss the problems of making significant changes to the investment allocation of a substantial portfolio.
(ix)
Transition management and asset allocation techniques (including overlay strategies).
(x)
Role of the custodian.
(xi)
Portfolio construction with attention to: • • •
(xii)
value at risk tracking error risk budgets
Measurement, comparison and attribution of risk.
END OF SYLLABUS
Page 5 of 5
Subject ST5 – Finance Finance and Investment A For 2013 Examinations Examinations
Aim The aim of this Finance and Investment Technical subject is to instill in successful candidates the ability to apply, in simple situations, the principles of actuarial planning and control to the appraisal of investments, and to the selection and management of investments appropriate to the needs of investors.
Links to other subjects This subject draws on the issues introduced in Subjects CT2 – Finance and Financial Reporting, CT7 – Business Economics and CT8 – Financial Economics. Subject CA1 – Actuarial Risk Management: covers the general underlying principles affecting all specialisms. Subjects SA5 – Finance Specialist Applications and SA6 – Investment Specialist Applications: use the principles in this subject to solve complex problems, to produce coherent advice and recommendations within a specifically United Kingdom context.
Objectives On completion of this subject the candidate will be able to: (a)
State what is meant by a risk-free rate of return, and describe assets that may be assumed to be risk-free in practical work.
(b)
Describe the typical ways in which investment returns are taxed and the effect of the taxation basis on investor behaviour.
(c)
Demonstrate knowledge of the influences over the commercial and economic environment from: • • •
central banks main investor classes government policy
(d)
Demonstrate a knowledge of the principles of fundamental analysis of equities and bonds.
(e)
Apply appropriate methods for the valuation of individual investments and demonstrate an understanding of their appropriateness in different situations. • • • • • •
(f)
fixed income analytics and valuation (including interest rate swaps and futures) arbitrage pricing and the concept of hedging empirical characteristics of asset prices introduction into fixed income option pricing evaluating a securitisation (including CBO’s and MBS’s) evaluation of a credit derivative
Describe methods by which an institution can monitor and control its exposure to the following types of risk: • •
asset / liability mismatching risk market risk Page 2 of 5
• • • •
credit risk (including counterparty risk) operational risk liquidity risk relative performance risk
and explain in the context of mean-variance portfolio theory what is meant by: • • • •
(g)
(i)
Describe the principles and aims of market conduct regulatory regimes.
(ii)
Demonstrate a knowledge of the principles underlying the legislative and regulatory framework for investment management and the securities industry.
(iii)
Demonstrate how these principles can be applied in the areas of:
• • • • • • • • • • • •
(h)
opportunity set efficient frontier indifference curves the optimum portfolio
trust law corporate governance role of the listings authority environmental and ethical issues competition and fair trading controls monopolies regulators investment restrictions in investment agreements provision of financial services institutional investment practices EU legislation role and responsibilities of directors development of international accounting standards
Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the theory of finance. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(i)
Discuss the relationship between financial management and acting as an entrepreneur. Outline the possible motives for mergers and divestitures. Discuss the key findings in behavioural finance. Outline the main steps involved in financial planning.
Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of specialist financial instruments: • • • • • • • • •
financial instruments available for short-term lending and borrowing corporate debt and credit derivatives swaps and swaptions private debt asset-backed securities, securitisation venture capital hedge funds currency infrastructure Page 3 of 5
commodities structured products new ways of investing in old asset classes
• • •
(j)
Describe the main types of derivative contract, how they are traded, and define their payoffs.
(k)
Show how actuarial techniques may be used to develop an appropriate investment strategy. asset pricing models asset / liability modelling asset / liability mismatch reserving credit rating an entity liability hedging co-integration dynamic liability benchmarks
• • • • • • •
(l)
Analyse the performance of an investment and discuss the limitations of such measurement techniques. • • • • •
(m)
(n)
portfolio risk and return analysis equity price net present value net asset value return on capital
Describe the construction of investment indices and the principal features of major investment indices. (i)
Discuss the uses of investment indices.
(ii)
Describe the principal indices in the United Kingdom, United States, Japanese, German and French stock markets.
(iii)
Explain the problems encountered in constructing property indices.
Analyse the performance of an investment portfolio and discuss the limitations of such portfolio measurement. (i)
Assess the performance of a portfolio relative to a published market index.
(ii)
Assess the performance of a portfolio relative to a predetermined benchmark portfolio.
(iii)
Analyse the performance of a portfolio into components relating to investment sector selection and individual stock selection.
(iv)
Discuss the relative merits of assessing portfolio performance relative to published indices, other portfolios or a predetermined benchmark portfolio.
(v)
Discuss the uses of risk adjusted performance measures.
(vi)
Discuss the value of portfolio performance measurement and its limitations. Page 4 of 5
(o)
Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the principal techniques in portfolio management including risk control techniques. (i)
Describe and discuss the principal active management “styles” (value, growth, momentum, rotational).
(ii)
Discuss the principal equity portfolio management techniques.
(iii)
Discuss the principal bond portfolio management techniques.
(iv)
Discuss the uses which an institutional investor might make of financial futures and options, including over the counter contracts.
(v)
Discuss the uses which an institutional investor might make of interest rate and currency and inflation swaps.
(vi)
Discuss the uses which an institutional investor might make of forward foreign exchange contracts for currency hedging.
(vii)
Discuss the usefulness of multifactor models in practical investment management and risk control.
(viii)
Discuss the problems of making significant changes to the investment allocation of a substantial portfolio.
(ix)
Transition management and asset allocation techniques (including overlay strategies).
(x)
Role of the custodian.
(xi)
Portfolio construction with attention to: • • •
(xii)
value at risk tracking error risk budgets
Measurement, comparison and attribution of risk.
END OF SYLLABUS
Page 5 of 5
Ct2 Finance And Financial Reporting Actuaries Ct2 Finance And Financial Reporting Actuaries DOWNLOAD NOW CT2 FINANCE AND FINANCIAL REPORTING - ACTUARIES Thu, 22 Jun 2017 17:00:00 GMT the finance and financial reporting subject provides a basic understanding of corporate finance and knowledge of the instruments used by companies to raise finance. Post on 16-Aug-2015. Category: Documents. Robert king actor. Django django rar blogspot. Fake id template south africa.
Ct2 Finance And Financial Reporting Core Reading Pdf
CT2 also provides the ability to interpret the financial statements of companies as well as interacting knowledgably with members of other professions in matters of finance. This is a good choice for a starting paper especially for one with exposure in accounting and finance work. Finance and financial reporting paper of Institute of Actuaries Of India is held twice a year and the eligibility is that you must have cleared your 10+2 standard of examination or any other equivalent examination.